The Great Pacific Garbage Patch free essay sample

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch Living on this planet is a benefit and shockingly we once in a while exploit it. Accounts of deforestation, air and water contamination truly make an individual consider exactly how much our planet is being hurt. A significant concern is water contamination. Water covers at any rate 70 percent of the planet which makes our streams, lakes, and seas fundamental. A large number of these waterways are being dirtied and in spite of the fact that they might be far out, they in the end help contamination increment. Activities ought to be made to stop the contamination of our waters before things deteriorate. In the event that we need to diminish the measure of contamination it begins by expanding the measure of reusing we do. It shouldn’t stop there. In addition to the fact that endeavors should to improve laws against water contamination be made however open awareness⠬â ¬ must be raised about this issue. It is accepted that the world’s biggest landfill isnt ashore however in the Pacific Ocean. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is practically what it seems like; a trash fix way out in the center of the Pacific Ocean. In an article posted on How Stuff Works. com it’s said that, â€Å"It extends from the shoreline of California to Japan, and its evaluated to be double the size of Texas† (Silverman, Jacob). The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is situated in the Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The Gyre is a winding of flows made by an arrangement of air flows. These air flows move in round revolution which helps keep the trash caught. It’s a territory loaded up with a huge number of pounds of waste with its vast majority being plastic. Its the biggest landfill on the planet, and its sitting in the sea. Water contamination can have genuine monetary and wellbeing impacts by murdering marine life and causing natural damage.  ¬Ã¢ ¬Ã¢ ¬Ã¢ ¬ While theres still some vulnerability of what is all in trash fix, we do realize that the majority of it is made of plastic. The explanation plastic is such a significant reason for water contamination is on the grounds that not at all like most other garbage, plastic isnt biodegradable. This implies the organisms that separate different substances dont perceive plastic as food, leaving it to drift there until the end of time. Daylight does in the end have an impact as it separates plastic into littler pieces yet that can simply make itâ worse. The plastic still never leaves it just gets tiny. â€Å"Of the in excess of 200 billion pounds of plastic the world creates every year, around 10 percent winds up in the sea. † (Earth Magazine). The greater part of that plastic in the end sinks, harming life on the sea depths. The plastic that buoys winds up in gyres, and settle in monstrous trash fixes that structure there, much like the Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Plastic is an exceptionally helpful material however when in the sea, it jeopardizes creature life. Little surface garbage, for the most part plastic pitch pellets are a typical bit of marine trash. Since they are so little they can without much of a stretch get lost en route, washing through the water with different plastics and into the ocean. Contamination like this is making hurt ocean creatures, for example, the seabird; the gooney bird. The gooney bird scoops its food from the sea and without realizing gets junk en route. Plastic flotsam and jetsam alongside other trash is then taken care of to its young erroneously for food. â€Å"Of the 500,000 gooney bird chicks brought into the world here every year, around 200,000 pass on, for the most part from parchedness or starvation. A two-year study financed by the U.S. Ecological Protection Agency demonstrated that chicks that kicked the bucket from those causes had twice as much plastic in their stomachs as those that passed on for different reasons. † (Weiss R. Kenneth, New York Times). The altraboss isn’t the main creature experiencing this wellspring of contamination. In the article â€Å"â€Å"The developing number of relinquished plastic angling nets is probably the most serious risk from marine debris†, says Bamford, and (Bamford, Holly 2009). The nets snare seals, ocean turtles and different creatures and can regularly bring about suffocating them. Since anglers are currently utilizing plastic for its minimal effort, relinquish nets can keep angling all alone for quite a long time or even years. This can make hurt any creature yet ocean turtles appear to be particularly defenseless. In addition to the fact that they are entrapped by angling nets, they frequently swallow plastic packs, confusing them with jellyfish. They can likewise become involved with an assortment of different articles, and there has been stories known about snapping turtle that grow up with a plastic ring around their bodies. As a general public as entire we will in general produce a ton of rubbish. There’s no halting the measure of refuse that heaps up, yet we can choose what we do with it. So as to diminish water contamination the measure of reusing needs to increment. Reusing doesn’t must be troublesome and it’s something that should be possible comfortable. Various sorts of plastic, aluminum jars, and steel are altogether significant recyclables. Rather than simply having an essential garbage can, there can be a reusing receptacle directly close to it or in a typical spot like the kitchen. In the event that more families choose to make a move and cause reusing a propensity it to can have one of the most helpful results towards our condition. At the point when an item is reused it is turned around into its crude structure. That can later be utilized to make another and distinctive item. Reusing can likewise happen outside of the home. Natural gatherings and associations have been doing their endeavors to help tidy this spot up gradually. Individuals who have the benefit to live by a portion of our waters, similar to a sea or even lakes and waterways can do their part to contribute by expelling waste on shore. This most probable won’t be remunerated yet the way that it’s a stage in helping our condition ought to be acceptable enough. At the point when we reuse not exclusively are we preserving regular assets however it can altogether lessen extra waste. In particular, this implies less waste winds up in our seas. Alongside reusing, laws ought to be implemented in endeavors to improve water contamination. It can begin by raising fines on contamination. Dumping waste like poisons and plastics into the sea is a major issue and ought to be managed appropriately. Organizations and organizations that imprudently let destructive synthetic compounds and items taint water which streams again into waterways and streams ought to be trained. A model is atomic force plants which are extremely unsafe to the earth for what it's worth. These organizations discharge emanated water into lakes and streams close without contemplating the results. These waterways can stream to bigger waterways and at last reason a negative effect on society. Poisonous waste can be destructive types of contamination towards creatures and people. †When poisonous waste damages a living being, it can rapidly be passed along the natural pecking order and may in the long run wind up being our fish. † (Oracle Education Foundation). The disposal of plastic sacks ought to likewise be thought of. â€Å"During 2009’s International Coastal Cleanup, the Ocean Conservancy found that plastic sacks were the second-most basic sort of waste found, at 1 out of ten things got and tallied† (Clean Air Council). Restricting plastic staple packs would diminish the measure of plastic that winds up in squander. We incredibly still produce in excess of 260 million tons of plastic each year† (Earth Magazine). Wandering ceaselessly from unneeded plastics would be a significant improve and one. This issue won’t leave except if mindfulness is raised. There are numerous beginnings out there with the fundamental objective of helping our condition. Associations like the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) are attempting to discover approaches to improve our water framework. Noble cause to these sorts of associations is key approach to help bring issues to light. There are numerous sites out there that help give data about what precisely is contaminating our waters and approaches to keep it from occurring. Destinations like â€Å"American Rivers. org† and â€Å"Bio Process H20† offer tips and answers for help decline wellsprings of contamination. There’s consistently articles, papers, and so on that manage helping the earth and the significance of reusing so that shouldn’t be an issue to discover. We are the ones who live on this planet so on the off chance that we don’t deal with it, we are the ones who should manage those results. Water is one of the most significant pieces of our lives so why make an effort not to roll out an improvement to improve things. The contamination to our water harms the earth in general, yet it can make significant harm creature life and even people. There are numerous approaches to make a move to this issue so why not do as such. To⠬â ¬ decline the measure of contamination in our waters we have to reuse more, improve laws against water contamination and raise open mindfulness about this issue. We can each assist in our own particular manner and gradually, we can have a constructive outcome on earth’s water flexibly.

Holdens Depression in J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye Essay

Everyone feels discouraged eventually in their lives.â However, it turns into an issue when melancholy is so much a piece of an individual's life that the person can no longerâ experience happiness.â Thisâ happens to the little fellow, Holden Caulfield in J.D Salinger's tale, The Catcher in the Rye.â Mr. Antolini precisely sees the reason for Holden's downturn as his absence of individual inspiration, his failure to self-reflect and his hardheadedness to neglect the undeniable which on the whole outcomes in him abandoning life before he ever truly gets an opportunity to kick it off. Â â â â â â â â â â â Holden does not have the fundamental capacity to spur himself, which he needs to get by in the 'genuine' world.â He keeps on being kicked out of each school he goes to in light of the fact that he neglects to put forth a concentrated effort, his straightforward thinking being 'How would you realize what you will do till you do it? The appropriate response would you say you is, don't' (213).â Everybody else in his life attempts to urge him to think about school and his evaluations yet it doesn?t make any difference.â From the beginning of the novel Holden?s history educator at Pencey lets him know ?I?d like to place some detect in that leader of yours, boy.â I?m attempting to help you.â I?m attempting to support you, in the event that I can? (14).â But the truth would he say he is can?t help him, Holden needs to help himself.â â The drive to succeed needs to originate from inside him, ?I mean you can?t scarcely ever accomplish something since someone needs you to? (185).â In request for Holden to succeed he needs to need it for himself.â The main issue being Holden can't will him into doing anything he isn't truly inspired by, in this way passing up further information he could obtain that would genuinely tempt him.â Holden abandons school since he fears if ... ...why he never discovered them.â He won't permit himself to in light of the fact that by this point he had abandoned school and in the end he abandoned the entire world.â Tragically however, he surrenders everything before he genuinely gets an opportunity to get it started.â Â â â â â â â â â â â Mr. Antolini?s hypothesis regarding what's up with Holden is spot on, it?s just really awful he couldn't break through to Holden.â Due to the way that Holden has just abandoned himself and is reluctant to apply the important exhortation he has been given.â He has lost the significant capacity to discover bliss throughout everyday life and consequently can?t muster the nerve to propel himself in anything he does.â It?s a disaster that somebody as brilliant as Holden Caulfield can't discover the quality inside himself to continue on in a universe of madness. Works Cited: Salinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye. London: Penguin Books Ltd., 1994.

Its not every day

It’s not every day… that you get invited to have lunch with the president of MIT. Bryan, President Hockfield periodically has lunch with a small group of 4 6 graduate and undergraduate students. She very much hopes that you available to join her as part of the next group on Friday, November 18 at noon. The group will gather in Dr. Hockfields reception area in 3-208 at noon, and then walk over together to the Forbes Cafe at Stata. I do hope that you can be a part. Sincerely, Kirk Kolenbrander Senior Advisor to the President Now its not every day that you have such an opportunity, but Im really grateful that the president of MIT is taking time out of her day to stand in long lines in the Stata Center, and have lunch with students give their honest opinion about different dimensions of MIT. Now Mollie was also at the lunch. Now I hope to motivate how statistically significant it is that TWO bloggers were invited to have lunch with her. ~10,000 students 9 student bloggers 0.0001 chance that one blogger will be selected (0.0001)^2 chance that two bloggers will be selected Among other topics we discussed with President Hockfield, we actually discussed the blogs and how theyre reshaping how MIT presents itself to the outside. And even though it was a very small chance that two bloggers would be invited to have lunch, there was clearly a 100% chance that there would be a photo =)

Conflicts in The Boy in the Striped Pajamas - 1002 Words

The movie â€Å"The Boy in Striped Pajamas† is filled with conflict. The movie is take place in Germany, during World War II. Bruno is the main character, he is a nine-year-old boy and his family moves from Berlin to a new home. Bruno’s father is a SS Commandant and is assigned to take command of a prison camp. He gets promoted to commandant of Auschwitz. Bruno explores off into the woods to where it is off limits. He stumbles across this fenced off area and sees a young boy about his age. Bruno goes up to this little boy. He is dirty looking, no shoes, and is wearing striped pajamas. The child’s name is Shmuel. The two start talking and becomes very close friends. Bruno is very curious about what Shmuel. Why is he there, how he got†¦show more content†¦If any one were to speak out against it you were shot or sent to the camp with the Jews. There was no speaking out during WWII. Bruno’s family did not have a choice to do much of anything, especial ly with Bruno’s father working for the SS. The interpersonal conflict is between the mother and father, and then Bruno and his sister. Bruno disagrees with the Nazi Propaganda going on while his sister is for it. There is a part though where Bruno is talking to a soldier and disagrees with the soldier’s opinion. The soldier starts talk to Bruno rudely and hurt him but his sister sticks up for Bruno, and protects him every step he takes. The same conflict is with the parents the father is for while the mother is against it. When it comes down to when Bruno is missing, they work together to try to find their son. The value conflict is throughout the movie. The mother knowing the difference between right and wrong yet she doe not say it. The father’s parents come to dinner and his mother tells him that he is a murderer, while his father yells and says he is a brave solider. Both of the mothers know right from wrong and recognize it from the beginning. Bruno and hi s sister have interest conflict. His sister finds the soldiers to be good looking and she put pictures on her wall of them. This is the only real reason why she supports the Nazi’s. she has a crush on the one soldier and her interest becomes greater. Bruno though knows that is wrong and they haveShow MoreRelatedThe Devil And Miss Prym1713 Words   |  7 Pagesaddress the stranger’s proposition, but Bruno in The Boy in the Striped Pajamas (a motion picture) also has to battle his inner devil. In the movie Bruno is an eight year old boy living in Germany during World War II. Bruno does not understand the war, or the promotion his father has been given by Hitler. His inner good verse evil is trying to dissect all that he is learning from his new home next to the ‘farm’ where the workers wear striped pajamas all day. Both stories deal with their inner good andRead MoreThe Boy s The Striped Pajamas Book Report1088 Words   |  5 PagesBrenda Cabrera Mrs. Ferreri English I MYP 4 December 2014 The Boy in the Striped Pajamas Book Report The Boy in the Striped Pajamas by John Boyne is a historical fiction novel that contains 216 pages. In my opinion the title means someone who never leaves their pajamas. I think this title was chosen because the story is basically how Bruno made a friend who he thought was wearing striped pajamas but in reality it was his concentration camp uniform. The setting takes place in the early 1940’s duringRead MoreThe Boy in the Striped Pajamas717 Words   |  3 Pages2.06B Text Analysis: â€Å"Unit 2 Journey to Identity† Text Analysis Title: The Boy In The Striped Pajamas.|Author: John Boyne|Publication Date: | I chose this book because (respond in at least 2 sentences): I chose this book because it has a deep story. After seeing what happened in the movie and reading the book it is so sad to see what happens and how things come out to be.| Discussion Questions Use the text and your analysis to prepare two interpretive or evaluative discussion questionsRead MoreWorld War II Was A Drastic War1503 Words   |  7 Pagesmain cause for all the conflicts within the book, â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†. John Boyne made this book take place during the World War II era. The protagonist in the story is a nine year old boy named Bruno who is the son of a very important figure in the German Military. Bruno’s father s role in society is also a contributing factor in many of the conflicts that occur in the novel. The three main conflicts John Boyne writes about in â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas† is Bruno s family movingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Boy s The Striped Pajamas 1035 Words   |  5 Pagesof the book â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†, I will be breaking down the story. Starting with the beginning introducing the main protagonist and antagonist of the movie. Then introducing the main conflict and how the protagonist tried to fix this problem, and how it was solved. The final paragraph will break down the movie even further by explaining symbols, showing what they mean, and how this movie depicted the real world. To start off, The movie â€Å"The boy in the striped pajamas† was directed byRead MoreThe Boy In The Striped Pajamas Analysis778 Words   |  4 Pagesseventh grade essay on The Boy in the Striped Pajamas. Contradictory to previous statistics of estimated 13 million, the Washington’s Holocaust Memorial Museum revealed that the Nazi terror claimed around 20 million lives in the zone of the conflict. â€Å"Of course, all this happened a long time ago and nothing like that could ever happen again, not in this day and age† (Boyne 216). With this ironic remark, John Boyne closes his narrative of â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†. It tells the story of theRead MoreEssay on 2.09a Text Analysis771 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 2 Journey to Identity Text Analysis Title: ​ Boy in The Striped Pajamas The Author: ​ Boyne John Publication Date: ​ 01/05/06 I chose this book because (respond in at least 2 sentences): Because I found the book trailer interesting and I also enjoyed the plot of the book. I also chose the book because it was the only book that seemed most interesting. Connecting with Character: Protagonist ​ Bruno How do you relate to this character? Similarities Beginning: ​ None Differences Read MoreThe Films Were Conceptualized By John Boyne1848 Words   |  8 Pagesadministrative influential personnel; Nazi commandant and his Jewish inmate famously identified as Scanlon. The story reflects various social, economic and political aspects that are evident and have a significant effect on the current world (The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, 2016). The plot of the story introduces various events that happened in a sequence. In the beginning, we encounter Butterfield’s son Bruno. Bruno dwelled in the same resident with his parents and12-year-old Gretel, his elder sister inRead MoreAn Analysis Of John Boyne s The Boy s The Striped Pajamas 1503 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: The Boy in the Striped Pajamas Author: John Boyne Publication Date: January 5, 2006 I chose this book because (respond in at least 2 sentences): I have watched the movie many times and I always wanted to know which was better and what the difference between the book and the film. Connecting with Character: Protagonist Bruno How do you relate to this character? Similarities Differences Beginning: Bruno wanted to meet Shmuel and become friends with him at first sight; He wanted to playRead MoreThe Boy s The Striped Pajamas : An Allegory Of Social Boundaries And The Consequences Of Transgressing Them1409 Words   |  6 Pages The Boy in the Striped Pajamas (2008) follows a Nazi family who moves to the countryside while the father carries out an assignment at Auschwitz. At times heartwarming and other times brutal, it walks the line between dark and kitschy, offering a profound moral to its story while managing to seem irreverent. Bruno, a boy of eight years old, completes the twelve stages of the Hero’s Journey in a way that illustrates a thoughtful commentary on the interplay between ignorance and the truth. Ultimately

The True Virtues of a Hero From Old Age to New Age

The Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Periods shape the view of a gallant from day one till now. From the tales of Beowulf, Le Morte d’ Arthur, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, an epic hero’s persona becomes the ideal image of an admirable character. Regardless of all the faults encountered, with certain characteristics such as honor, courage, loyalty, and honesty, an epic hero can mean so much to an individual. Just as the old ages, not every individual can have the full combination of a hero. As years past and time changes, these virtues still remain the same. Till this day, anyone with courage, loyalty, and honesty, deserves to be honored. Those individuals are the ones that young children look up to the most; those are the true heroes of†¦show more content†¦And inscribed on his tomb, men say, is this legend: Here lies Arthur, the once and future king† (403-406). Arthur set the true example of a hero for his people with his strengths and his courageous hea rt. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a rather different tale. Sir Gawain was able to chop the Green Knight’s head off with an agreement; Sir Gawain would get his own head chopped off in twelve months and a day. The Green Knight knew under all these conditions, Sir Gawain was going to have to meet their agreement. Once twelve months and a day came up, Sir Gawain rode off to the green castle to see the Green Knight and to do his time doing of getting his head chopped off. Instead, he encounters a king and decides to get into another agreement with him. This time, instead of following through like the Green Knight’s agreement, Sir Gawain becomes dishonest with the king. For his punishment, the king decides to teach him a lesson. The king strikes three times, for every time Sir Gawain was supposed to trade for what he had. Sir Gawain knowing what he did was wrong; he admits his wrong doing to the king, who turns out to be the Green Knight. The Green Knight doesn’t chop off Sir Gawain’s head and tells him that he paid for his fault by admitting his dishonesty and offering his head to the ax. From what the Green Knight puts Sir GawainShow MoreRelated Beowulf Society Essay1717 Words   |  7 PagesBecause the poem was performed orally mainly between the eighth and tenth centuries, but dealt with subject matter of centuries earlier, it is difficult to decipher and separate the cultural context involved in the poem from one century to the next. The poem was probably unrecognizable from its original state after two hundred years of oral tradition that would have changed its content drastically. The storyline of the poem, the battles and significant events, probably maintained most of their identityRead MoreBeowulf Society1744 Words   |  7 PagesBecause the poem was performed orally mainly between the eighth and tenth centuries, but dealt with subject matter of centuries earlier, it is difficult to decipher and separate the cultural cont ext involved in the poem from one century to the next. The poem was probably unrecognizable from its original state after two hundred years of oral tradition that would have changed its content drastically. The storyline of the poem, the battles and significant events, probably maintained most of their identityRead More Defining the Victorian Woman Essay1590 Words   |  7 PagesDefining the Victorian Woman      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Victorian Age, there existed a certain ideology of what constituted the perfect Victorian woman. In the beginning of the eighteenth century, young girls began attending schools that offered basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. Manuals of etiquette and conduct instructed young girls in manners of society and the home (Basch 3). All of this prepared a young woman for marriage, which, in the nineteenth centuryRead MoreAndrew Jackson : A Symbol Of The Age Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesdecisions made that have eventually won its independence and created the United States of America from East to West. Andrew Jackson was the president in the early 1800’s that made a considerable amount of change. Theses changes and action that he was involved in changed America forever, in which gave him the respect from the people of America. He was a symbol for his age, becoming a true historical figure and a hero for the people. He defeated the British and expanded America to unifying and create nationalismRead MoreThe French Revolution Essay examples1018 Words   |  5 PagesThe French Revolution This essay intends to draw on the much similarity between the French Revolution and the age of antiquity, more specific Ancient Greece. We shall compare dominant figures of both the French Revolution and Ancient Greece by using examples from writings from both ancient literature and contemporary and giving direct examples to support the ideas in this essay. Furthermore, this essay will discuss how similar the emergence of democracy in Ancient GreeceRead MoreBeowulf Is The Longest Epic Poem1316 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf is the longest epic poem written in Old English. The story centers around the exploits of Beowulf, a heroic warrior known for his strength and bravery. The theme of heroism is prevalent throughout the poem through the use of conflict between good and evil forces. Beowulf is often engaged in selfless conquests in the pursuit of saving others, resulting in his emergence as the hero of the story. The text, while focusing on the main theme of heroism, is divided into two main parts, Beowulf asRead MoreChristian and Pagan Elements in Beowulf926 Words   |  4 Pagestranscription made by some monks where they added the christian elements, on the other hand it is believed that the poem was written in a period in which the Anglo-Saxons were being converted from their worship of Germanic Pagan gods to the Christian God. â€Å"It was long held that the most substancial surviving Old English poem, Beowulf, was a pre-Christian composition which had somehow been tampered with by monastic scribes in order to give it an acceptably Christian frame of reference.†1 â€Å"The poemRead MoreKing Arthur, Sir Gawain and Superman Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesRick Riordan said â€Å"A hero can go anywhere, challenge anyone, as long as he has the nerve.† and he is correct because that is exactly what King Arthur, Sir Gawain and Superman do. They risk their very own lives and put themselves in front of others with their courageous acts from fighting great green knights to fighting the towns super villain. They do it all just to protect their city. The culture of the Medieval Ages valued with bravery and courtly love which was reflected in the exploits and adventuresRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1317 Words   |  6 PagesEngland. From roughly 1594 onward he was an important me mber of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men Company of theatrical players. Over the course of 20 years, Shakespeare wrote plays that capture the complete range of human emotion and conflict. Like his play Shakespeare’s marriage to his wife was thought to be brought on by a deceit. A lot of mystery surrounds the marriage in 1582 of England’s greatest writer and Miss Hathaway, but scholars are sure on a few of the facts. Firstly, William was 18 years old andRead MoreSir Gawain and The Green Knight Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pagesleaves, Gawain is to meet the green knight in a year to receive his blow. The theme of the narration is simply youth compared to age, which is implied at the beginning of the story because of the New Year’s feast. â€Å"The youthfulness of Arthur and of Arthurs folk ... introduces the theme of youth in contrast to age which is an aspect of the spring-winter (or New Year-Old Year) theme† (Spiers 10). The point of view is third person limited omniscient; Sir Gawain describes his tale in a third person

Immigrant Health in the United States Free Essays

Introduction The understanding of the challenges facing immigrant health in the United States is vital to maximizing its trajectory towards transformation. As pointed out by Hall and Cuellar (2016), the negative impetus among the immigrant healthcare in the United States is greatly linked to the relationship between the immigration policies and immigration experiences. Even though the government has passed various legislations with an aim of providing affordable health care to its citizens, the socio-political environment, and its effects healthcare service provision remains a troubling affair. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigrant Health in the United States or any similar topic only for you Order Now This study seeks to examine some of the pieces of evidence that lead to the limited access to quality health care in the United States of America, more so the immigrants. Some of the possible barriers include unfriendly immigration policies, bureaucracies in the health care system, and lack of capital to finance medical bills. Therefore, this study is significant in addressing the government and other stakeholders to come up with friendly measures that give immigrants easy access to health care services.Statement of the Study ProblemImmigrants in the United States are faced with substantial challenges in accessing healthcare, and this has a great toll on their general wellbeing. These challenges can be attributed to the healthcare system. For example, the insurance coverage varies from one state to another, which leads to an intricate insurance scheme in the country. As a result, the government faces a greater challenge to influence uniform reforms at the national level. Even in spite of the Congress passing the patient and Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, the immigrant communities in the country are still not able to access good healthcare services. This implies that the political goodwill is necessary to promote the immigrants’ rights in health care access. The country should implement sound and sustainable immigration policies access essential services in the country.Immigrant Health and Its ChallengesIt is obvious that the negative trajectory to healthcare accessibility by immigrant communities is propelled by the existing harsh policies. For instance, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) impedes many local, state, and federal health workers from supporting the undocumented immigrants (Hall ; Cuellar, 2016). Even though was sought as a tool to limit illegal immigration, such restrictions limit the immigrants to access publicly financed health services, and instead of serving the purpose of limiting illegal immigrants, (PRWORA) places deleterious effects on the immigrants’ access to publicly funded health care service. Another matter of concern is how the implementation of ACA is possible when Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) conditions the immigrants to meet certain qualifications in order to access any form of federal assistance. Even if they have a chance to Medicaid benefits, their time to access such is restricted. According to Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act in 1996, federal benefits are only allowed for five years for the qualified immigrants and refugees. According to the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), the policies governing the health care place open restrictions to the immigrant communities. The organization, therefore, maintains that social workers and healthcare service providers should be on the lookout to consider these social and legal statutes to deal with the barriers that limit the community wellbeing in the country. Besides these limiting policies, the immigrant communities are also faced with discrimination and prejudice whenever they visit any health facility. In fact, the problem of racism still remains a disturbing matter in the United States. As a result, some health professionals have been reluctant to attend to patients from other ethnic communities. Also, most of the immigrant families have low income, which affects their ability to pay the hospital bills. Therefore, they face a serious problem when it comes to health care access. What Has Been DoneVarious individuals and organization have made incredible endeavors to address the immigrant health challenges in the United States. For instance, the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) has been active in calling their members and partners to deal with the policies that affect the immigrant communities (Haidar, 2018). On the same pedestal, the former president Barack Obama in 2014 made public his intention to allow the undocumented immigrants to live in the country without the constant threats of deportation. He similarly sought to allow them unrestricted access legal employment in different companies and organizations. Unfortunately, the Republicans in the Senate used their numerical strength to thwart the plan, and were later put on hold by one of the federal district judges in Texas. The argument was that when would be allowed in the country, the plan would place a strain on the health care system.In addition, lack of insurance coverage, poor political goodwill, lack of knowledge about health, screening, and prevention makes it difficult to influence changes in the health care to favor immigrants. This creates the likelihood of poor access to chronic infection management for the families that do not have health insurance coverage. According to the study done by Gushulak, Weekers and MacPherson (2009), positive health care outcome and health care-seeking behavior are greatly associated with the healthcare insurance. It is important to note that the government has tried to implement the Affordable Care Act, but still, the immigration policies need to be dealt with to attain the best results. The government and the policymakers must come up with better approaches that guarantee affordable health care for all people indiscriminately. Even though experts allude that the U.S. immigration integration policies are the best compared to other countries and is slightly favorable in regards to health policies, more efforts are needed to make this thought a conceivable reality. Since the election of Donald Trump as the president of the United States, various organizations concerned with the protection of the immigrants and refugees’ rights have issued statements to fight the unfriendly policies. They seek to revoke the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) and to pave ways for the immigrants’ easy access to essential public services (Hall ; Cuellar, 2016). The government has also developed certain measures sought to defend the rights of the foreign-born individuals in the country. One of them is the Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS), which is used as a blueprint guide in giving health care service to different populations. This means that immigrants and refugees in the country also commit the government to ensuring proper access to health care service. However, more needs to be done to allow immigrants easy access to health care services. Potential ChallengesThere is an effort to make reforms in the health care service so that all people in the United States can access them. However, it is evident that there are still potential challenges to deal with, such as poor political goodwill to fast-track such (Kullgren, 2003). When President Obama tried to come up with plans to support the immigrant communities, the plan was thwarted not on the basis of the arguments that were presented, but due to political stands. The members of the Republican Party used their number to defeat the plan in the Congress. However, experts say that the barriers to health service for immigrant communities are vaster and go beyond the policies. They range from financial incapacities, fear of deportation and discrimination among the health care service providers. For example, within the health care system are external resource constraints, discrimination, the costs of the health care services and many procedures within the system that one has to keep up with. In fact, the bureaucratic procedures within the health care system is not only disadvantageous to immigrants, but to other citizens as well. On the other hand, there are individual challenges that impede health care access. These may include communication barriers, fear of deportation, stigma, financial incapacities and lack of knowledge about health care services. At the policy level, immigrants meet difficulties in trying to access health care insurance. The requirement that individuals have to provide their documents to access such insurances is a greater challenge, more so to the undocumented immigrants. Therefore, despite the efforts, the challenges are seriously raging. Recommendations The recommendations to address these challenges range from advocacy for policy transformation, more training for the health care providers to better understand their professional roles, more and better insurance options, and extension of the security net. In other words, the government should increase access to all citizens irrespective of their background and status. Also, the government should allow access to state-funded health care or provide subsidized insurance opportunities to all people living in the united states. Essentially, there is a need for all the stakeholders involved in the matter to take these points with greater interests to guarantee access to affordable health care between both the documented and undocumented immigrants. If allowed to continue on the same pedestal, the United States would end up being a bad example that would be used as a case study for poor immigration health policies. ConclusionThis study identifies some of the barriers to health care access by the immigrant communities. Some of the identified areas to be addressed include immigrant policies, the bureaucracies within the health care system as well as the expansion of health insurance options. The United States is celebrated in the world for having friendly blueprints that guide its health care policies. However, it is also apparent that those policies are not friendly to immigrants living in the country. Even though various stakeholders have tried to generate mitigating measures, there is still need to promote political goodwill for those options to succeed. In spite of the Congress passing the patient and Affordable Care Act (ACA) into law in 2010, the immigrant communities in the country are still not able to access good health care services due to poor political goodwill. It means that the government and policymakers must hasten their moves in coming up with proper measures to support immigrant health. Just as pointed out in this study, understanding the challenges that face immigrant health in the United States is vital to maximizing its path towards transformation. How to cite Immigrant Health in the United States, Papers

Sir Robert Peel Paper Essay Example

Sir Robert Peel Paper Essay The job of a police officer is very difficult, it has evolved from just an ordinary individual with no experience and no uniform that kept watch of live stock by walking at night with fire torches to an individual that needs to be able to function under pressure patrolling the streets of our communities in uniforms with a marked vehicle and not to mention to receive income for their services. Police has evolved overtime; in this paper I will describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on the evolution of policing and its history. Sir Robert Peel Paper Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850) updated Englands criminal code. He established the first modern police force in London, whose members were nicknamed after him bobbies. Sir Robert Peel wanted a police force that would provide citizens with â€Å"the full and complete protection of the law†andâ€Å"check the increase of crime. † Sir Robert Peel pushed through the legislation an act called the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829, thus able to accomplish his dream of creating a police force. Under the term of the Metropolitan Act of 1829 the London Metropolitan Police was formed, it was one thousand members strong and all members were easily recognized due to their uniforms that included blue coats and top hats. We will write a custom essay sample on Sir Robert Peel Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sir Robert Peel Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sir Robert Peel Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sir Robert Peel’s â€Å"bobbies† had four specific operating philosophies; the first one was to reduce tension and conflict between law enforcement officers and the public, the second one was to use nonviolence means in keeping the peace, therefore the bobbies did not carry firearms, the third one was to relieve the military from certain duties, such as controlling urban violence, and the fourth one was to be judged on the absence of crime rather than through high-visibility of police actions. The out come of this was so successful that it was soon implemented in smaller towns in England and the United States there after. Following the American Revolution law enforcement nearly copied the English system. Constables, night watchmen, and sheriffs were appointed; the role of the sheriff was  law enforcement and the apprehension of criminals, serving warrants and subpoenas and maintaining the local jails. The sheriff’s responsibilities extended beyond law enforcement and it included collecting taxes and monitoring the system of cattle branding. American metropolitan areas began to form reactive patrol units. In 1833, Philadelphia became the first city to employ both day and night watchman, following that and working from Sir Robert Peel’s model, Boston formed the first organized police department, consisting o six full-time officers. As the history of police progressed in the United States you can divided police history into 3 different ears. Kelling and Moore (1991) describes the eras as, one; the Political Era, two; the Reform Era, and three; the Community Era. During the Political Era (1840-1930) many police officers saw their positions as opportunities to make extra income. Bribery was common; a police officer would request â€Å"favors† which went into the police officers pockets or into the coffers of the local political party as contributions. The Political Era also saw police officers taking an active role in providing social services for their bosses’. † (1) Politicians realized they can attract more votes by offering social services to citizens than b y arresting them. In 1929 President Herbert Hoover appointed the national Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement to assess the American criminal justice system. The Wickersham Commission was created and was named after its chairman, George Wickersham. The commission focused on two areas of American policing that was in need of reform: one; police brutality and two; the corrupting influence of politics. This was when the Reform Era came into existence. According to the commission â€Å"the reform should come about through higher personnel standards, centralized police administrations, and the increased use of technology† (2) During the Reform Era, police chiefs took more control over their departments, adding midlevel positions to the force. Police chiefs also tried to strengthen their power by bringing larger areas of a city under their control; this would not allow negative influences from politicians or neighborhoods. Finally, the Community Era in which we are currently in; the Omnibus Crime Control Act plays a major role, under this act the federal government provides state and local police departments with funds to create police-community programs. An example of a program is officer-friendly referral operations, this program encourage citizens to come to the police with their crime concerns. The primary function of the police is to continue to control crime while providing a broader range of social services some of the tactics they us can include foot patrol or public relations, this will allow the officer to interact with the community. Thus, to days police responsibilities include, one; to enforce laws, two; to provide service, three; to prevent crime, and four; to preserve the peace. Reference Law Enforcement in the 21st Century, Second Edition, by Heath B. Grant and Karen J. Terry. Chapter 2 1) Mark H. Haller, â€Å"Chicago Cops, 1890-1925,† in Thinking about Police, ed. Carl Klockars and Stephen Mastrofski (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990),90. 2) William J. Bopp and Donald O. Shultz, A Short History of American Law Enforcement (Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1977), 109-110. Very nice job on the paper and you covered all of the points with excellence. Full credit of 5 points. On your references, do not number them, just put in alphabetical order.

Australia was a better place in which to live for women in 1945 than it was in 1900. Discuss this statement with reference to the status of women.

Australia was a better place in which to live for women in 1945 than it was in 1900. Discuss this statement with reference to the status of women. It is evident that overall Australia was a better place to live for women in 1945 than it was in 1900. Throughout our history white settlement in Australia has influenced the role of women within society up until the beginning of the 20th Century. "During the convict period men out numbered women four to one," although the Australian convict period dates back to the 1800's, the fact that women were out numbered to men greatly impacted their position and way in which they were viewed in society. As a result of this, for the early part of the 1900's women were discriminated against. During this era women really worked together and stood up for their rights, for the first time in our history. Despite some reservations and social expectations women were able to emancipate themselves from the restrictions and expectations placed on them, showing that they did have a voice which, deserved to be heard.This is a photograph of Edith Cowan (1861–1932),...This is shown through their fash ion, politics, women's rights education, wages employment, and two World Wars which influenced the positions of females in society between 1900 and 1945.Fashion throughout the twentieth Century played a huge role in portraying the new freedoms experienced by women within Australian Society. As the roles of women became more significant and defined, their fashion became more daring. In the 1900's women wore long dresses that would not allow any of their ankle to be revealed. When going out they always wore hats and gloves. Most women had long hair and wore it up in pins. "World War One changed women's clothing styles" "Women's dress became simpler as they took on 'men's jobs.'" During the 1910's many women worked toward both social and political equality. Skirts progressively became shorter, slowly revealing the ankles, causing females to wear lighter...

A navy seal shares his secrets to developing mental toughness

A navy seal shares his secrets to developing mental toughness Are you tough enough? Regardless of your particular career aspirations, there’s no denying the fact that a little mental fortitude can go a long way towards helping you achieve your career goals and find success in all facets of life. It’s true- mental toughness, when handled properly, helps you command respect from colleagues and peers, advocate for your point of view on projects, negotiate effectively, and will give you the confidence to know you’re capable and worthy of success. The truth is, some of us just seem to naturally have reserves of mental toughness in abundance and at the ready whenever it’s needed, while others among us need a little more help. If you’re the sort that can use a little guidance when it comes to mental toughness, don’t worry- we’ve got you covered.When you hear the term â€Å"Navy SEAL,† you automatically think tough- both physically and mentally. After all, SEALs are the best of the best, the tough est of the tough, individuals who are hand selected to try out for this elite group. Although toughness is a minimum requirement for even being selected to try out for the SEALs, the truth is that only a very small percentage of folks in this elite group actually make it through training, and to call it a rigorous process doesn’t do it justice. That said, when you meet someone who’s made it through and has become a Navy SEAL, their toughness is not only a given- it’s an understatement. And when they’re willing to share strategies for developing mental toughness, you better listen!Mark Divine, a 20-year Navy SEAL veteran, recently shared his thoughts on building lasting mental strength on mindbodygreen.com. Mark is a firm believer in â€Å"mind over body†- that if you set your mind to a specific goal or task there’s nothing that can stop you from achieving it. He discussed 4 core tips that anyone can use for building a rock solid mental minds et.1. Determine your purpose.In order to be able to focus your full mental energy on a specific direction in life, you first must determine what that purpose is. Divine has created the following list of helpful questions that you should ask yourself in order to determine your purpose in life:What have you been conditioned to think you’re supposed to do with your life?What do you think you are really  supposed to do with your life?What do you feel you are really supposed to do with your life?Is there a tiny voice of doubt deep within you suggesting you are on the wrong track?Is that same voice nudging you forward with the sensation that you are on the right track?What ONE thing do you think you are here for? What ONE thing would you focus on if you had nothing holding you back?What would you do differently if you knew you had one year to live?These questions should be asked and answered as honestly as possible in an effort to get to your life’s purpose. Once you have a goal, it’s easy to envision yourself achieving it, and the very act of doing so can help boost your confidence and mental fortitude, allowing you to charge forward.2. Focus on yourself.Mark Divine asserts that a deep inward focus is the key to building true self-awareness in life, which ultimately leads to what he terms an â€Å"unbeatable mind†- which is the foundation of mental toughness. A nuanced and multi-faceted self-awareness can help you avoid repeating the same mistakes you’ve made in the past, which may have kept you from achieving your goals. Divine suggests that an excellent approach for building self-awareness and an unbeatable mind is to take a few minutes each day to meditate, think inwardly, and maintain a journal. This will really allow you to connect with your true inner self and grow stronger.3. Determine your path.Once you have a purpose, born of true introspection and self-awareness, Divine suggests that you determine your path for achievi ng success. Most goals have multiple possible pathways, but the truth is that they may not all be right for you. Confronting the reality of your current situation will help you determine the most effective path forward, which will help you flex and grow your mental muscles.4. Support your purpose with a healthy life and external support.Divine believes that a strong and healthy mind requires a strong and healthy body. A good diet and plenty of exercise are essential for constructing a rock-solid mindset, which will power you to attack your life goals. He also acknowledges that, like most things in life, having a strong support system in place can go a long way to being successful. A group of positive and like-minded friends, family, and colleagues can make all the difference as you go through life and charge forward towards the goals you’ve set for yourself.There you have it- strategies for building mental toughness and going after your goals from someone who really knows wha t it takes. Take full advantage of Mark Divine’s advice on developing a strong mindset, and before long there’ll be no stopping you!

How computers changes our lives Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How computers changes our lives - Lab Report Example Computer is a machine, which can be used to store data as well as to receive data. Computer is used as a tool in the society along with the Internet. Computers in the modern world have become a very complex because of a lot of component frame within a single computer and these components functions different functions for different purposes In addition to above, this is a research report consisted of some questions and the response analysis. This research report reveals the way computer is playing an important role to change one’s life. These questions will be regarding the role of computer in changing one’s life. To evaluate or to investigate how far the role of computer in the lives of individuals is deep rooted and what roles it is playing in facilitating the individuals to spend a smooth or comfortable life is the aim of this paper. In this paper, I will be using quantitative method to collect data from different persons and will be using a questionnaire consisted of eight questions. The questionnaire is based on a Likert scale that has the options, strongly agree, agree, agree to some extent, strongly disagree, disagree and disagree to some extent. The sample size is constituted of fifteen respondents. Random sampling was used to select individuals for the survey from the list of contacts that the researcher had on the social media. Using the Microsoft Excel will do the graphical representations. The majority of responses from the survey indicate that it will become evident that there seems to be a strong role of computer in individuals’ lives, especially, to the educated individual’s life. The use of computer in everyday life is increasing day by day from offices to universities (Hilber and LÃ ³pez). Without computer it is not possible for a person to access Internet, the largest and the easiest reservoir of information, entertainment and knowledge. 66% of responses indicate

Techwire Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Techwire - Case Study Example The embedded strategy is to competitively develop the company increasing the stakes for all players. The company is operating in a gorgeous as well as stable industry and has key competitive advantages supported by considerable financial strength (Jarzabkowski, 2005). SWOT Analysis is a helpful technique for comprehending the Strengths as well as Weaknesses, and for discovering all the Opportunities present to the business and finally, the Threats or risks a company experiences (Ratnasingam, 2006). Applied in a business perspective it assists one carve a continued existence niche in the marketplace. Applied in a personal background, it permits one to create his or her profession in a manner that takes maximum advantage of their capabilities, talents as well as opportunities. Techwire business strengths are in general, the company is presently having the best team coupled with scientific engineers who are well-trained to make this excellent software. Additionally, the Chief Financial Officer) on the company formerly developed an implausible request that is distributed pertaining to large sums of money. The company has a number of demerits currently even though most of us are trying to concentrate on these people and also solve the limitations. Perceiving as the business bears a 50 million dollar deficiency, most of us are incapable to devote to marketing and promotion as well public regards as of now. The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix is a strategic instrument which is applied in evaluating alternative group of strategies. The QSPM includes previous stage details in a systematic manner to compute the score of numerous strategies so as to discover the best counterpart strategy for the business (Yogyakarta, 2008). The QSPM emerges under the third phase of strategy creation which is known as â€Å"The Decision phase†

Capital structure

Capital structure Does capital structure affect firm value? Hypothesis: H0 : There is no a significant relationship between capital structure and their total market value in the stock exchange Thailand. H1: There is a significant relationship between capital structure and their total market value in the stock exchange Thailand. Research question Are there any optimal capital structure of firms in stock exchange Thailand and to examine for the relationship between capital structure and company value. Does capital structure affect firm value? An empirical analysis of firms listed in energy and utilities sector in stock exchange Thailand (SET) 1.Introduction 1.1 Background of study Capital structure plays an important role in financial management of the company. Every firms can mix of debt and equity in different way in order to increase the wealth of ordinary shareholder. There are several type of debt and equity such as common share, preference share ,hybrids ,convertible bonds and so on. Therefore the firms can raise debt and equity finance in countless combination because they need to find the best combination that minimize the weigh average cost of capital and to achieve the objective of management is to maximize the firm value. Basically better management can increase the shareholders wealth by considering the investment project with optimal gearing ratio. From that point of view nevertheless the positive investment project increase the wealth of shareholder , the financial decision is also the key to prospect company future. Groth and Anderson (1997)stated that â€Å"understanding capital structure and its practical implications is important to the professional manager regardless of functional area of expertise. The seminal work in the area of capital structure earned the researchers Nobel Prizes†. Therefore the financial managers would have a duty to determine which debt and equity are used in the capital structure could increase wealth. Typically each company is seeking for profitability by use any strategies that can bring down low cost and gain the company return and value for the operating side. In additional to the financial side is to get the efficiency combination of debt and equity because it reduces the cost of capital. However there are several debates for which capital structure do effect the company value. Is it possible to increase shareholder wealth by changing the gearing ratio or level? How can we find an optimal capital structure? Hence, in this paper will mostly discuss the literature reviews and the research methodology for answering that question. 1.2 Statement of problem Over the past decades, there have been a large number of theoretical and empirical studies appeared. The first famous theory that has been issued by Modigliani and Millers in 1958 was known as proposition 1mention that where the firms are running in the same type of business at the same particular operating risks their capital structure is irrelevant to shareholder wealth. Therefore the firm must have the same total value and they can issue any mix of fund. However the proposition 1 is based on the perfection of capital market and ignore tax , the costs of bankruptancy, financial distress and so on but in the real situation the market is seem to be imperfect. Myer(2001) argued that capital structure theory depend on some circumstances . Each theory can give us the different result regard the cost and benefits from financial strategies. This study will therefore answer the question to what extend different theories of capital structure can identify the impact on the company value in stock exchange Thailand market and are there any relationship between the capital structure and the financial performance of the company. 2. Literature Review 2.1 Modiglini and Miler Theory of capital structure Nowadays most of literature review and article have examined and expanded from the famous theory of Modiglini and Miller theory of capital structure. Start with the theory published in 1958 under assumption that in a perfect market the value of the firm is unaffected by its choice of capital structure. Therefore the total value of the firm is stable regardless of debt to equity ratio. To give support under this assumption imagine that two firm with the same operation of business but different in capital structure. Where firm U is unlevered ,the total value of its equity (EU) is the same as the total value of the firm (VU) . Additionally where the firm L is levered, thus the total value of the firm L is equal to the value of the debt less value of the equity of the firm L. As a result the total value for both company will be the same. Because Modiglini and Miler (1958) believe that when there are no taxes and capital markets function well , it makes no different whether the firm should borrow or individual shareholders should borrow . The market value of a company does not depend on its capital structure. They proved the assumption by represent that the arbitrage opportunity would emerge if the total value of the firm relevant to capital structure. The arbitrage should not be in the practical and real situation. The proposition 1 can be illustrated as VL = VU or Value of the levered firm = Value of unlevered firm In order to prove that their proposition (1958) was viable , They make assumption that there are no tax and transaction cost exist in the market. Individual and corporation can borrow at the same rate. However there are a large number of articles argued with his article because it seems to be unrealistic. Thus, in 1963 Modiglini and Miller published second literature which is known as preposition 2 to modify and fix proposition 1 by considering the corporation tax. It stated that the expected rate of return on the common stock of a levered firm increases in proportion to the debt-equity ratio. While proposition 1 says that financial leverage has no effect on shareholder wealth. In contrast to proposition 2 says that the expected rate of return increases as the firms debt to equity ration increases. This means that when the debt-equity ratio increases the risk is also increases and therefore shareholders expect the high rate of return according to the level of risk they face. Hence, the firm can take benefit as levered firm rather than keep the status as unlevered firm because the corporation can deduct interest payment as an expense but dividend payment are non deductible. As Modiglini and Miller theory stated that the optimal capital structure will exist where the cost of capital or weigh average cost of capital (WACC) minimize and the total market value of the firm maximize. Modiglini and Miller theory with tax illustrated that gearing up by raising debt finance rather than equity finance reduces the WACC and the value of the firm rise. Finally an optimal capital structure does exist at point where debt is 100% The proposition 2 can formulate as: Value of levered firm = Value of un-levered firm + Value of tax saving It is used under assumptions that there is corporation tax in the market but without transaction cost exists. The individual and corporation can still borrow money at the same rate. Therefore the best of capital structure should be 100% debt finance because of tax deductible on interest. Under criticism of theory there are a great amount of articles expanded due to can not used in the real world. 2.2 Trade off Theory of capital structure The trade off theory explains the idea how the firm chooses to raise equity and debt finance by balancing the costs and benefits. Brealey and Myer (2008) presented that each firm should set their own target debt ratio which is vary from firm to firm. The firms with safe tangible asset and plenty of taxable income to shield ought to have high target ratio. Unprofitable companies with risky intangible assets ought to rely primarily on equity financing. Trade off theory has been used widely for study corporate of capital structure because it justify the fact that to raise part of debt finance the company obtain benefit from tax saving nevertheless the firm face with the cost of capital such as cost of financial distress including bankruptcy cost and financial distress without bankruptcy mostly related to customers and suppliers because they are extra cautious about for the firm that may not be around for long. Potential employee leaving or difficult to recruit is also costly for financial distress. In addition to the firm increase gearing result in an increased level of financial risk. So that the shareholder require higher expected return in order to compensate that financial risk. However there are several articles has been question about the relevance of trade off theory. Brealey and Myer (2008) stated that the trade off theory of capital structure can explain how company actually behave because this theory successfully explains many industry differences in capital structure. High technology growth companies whose asset are risky and mostly intangible normally use relatively little debt. Graham and Harvey(2001) pointed out that Airlines can and do borrow heavily because their assets are tangible and relatively safe. There is some evidence that in contrast to the trade off theory of capital structure in real life that the most profitable companies commonly borrow the least (Ward ,1999). Because under this theory it stated that high profits should mean more debt capacity and more tax saving as a result give a higher target debt ratio. 2.3 Bankruptcy cost Corporate bankruptcies concept does exist when stock holders exercise their right to default. Where the firm is coping with the problem but the limited liabilities allows stockholders to diminish and leaving all trouble to their creditor. The former creditors then become the new stockholders and the previous stockholder left with nothing (Brealey and Myer 2008) Warner (1977) classify two type of bankruptcy costs which are direct and indirect. Direct costs include lawyers fee , accountants fee and the value of the managerial time spent in administering the bankruptcy cost. Indirect costs include lost sales, lost profits and possibly the inability of the firm to obtain credit or to issue securities except under especially onerous terms. He did the research by investigate 11 railroads to seek the relationship between bankruptcy costs and the market value of the firm. The evidence shows that while the higher market value railroads generally did incur higher bankruptcy cost, the cost do not appear to be directly proportional to market value. While Warner supported the direct bankruptcy cost, Baxter(1967) introduced the indirect bankruptcy cost. He developed optimal capital structure models which incorporated bankruptcy cost. These model show that the value of a firm is maximized by increasing the level of debt financing to a point where the marginal present value benefit of the tax shied equal the marginal present value of the cost of bankruptcy. Extentions of the Modigliani-Miller theory have been provided by many researchers. Titman(1984) refers the idea of indirect bankruptcy cost . He argues that stakeholders not represented at the bankruptcy bargaining table, such as customers, can suffer material costs resulting from the bankruptcy. He shows that the bankruptcy status may occur according to the firm ‘s liquidation decision. He pointed out that the firms end up with the cost that can impose on their customers, suppliers and workers by liquidating are relevant to their capital structure decision. Titman and Wassels (1988) refer there are plenty of authors have suggested that leverage ratio may be related to the firm size. They proved that direct bankruptcy costs seem to constitute a larger proportion of a firms value as that value decreases. The large firm tends to be more diversified and less prone to bankruptcy. As a result , large firm should be more highly leverages 2.4 The Pecking order Theory There is an argument that there is not necessary to find an optimal capital structure through the theory. Therefore the pecking order Theory refer to the idea that the investment is financed first with internal funds, reinvested earnings primarily and then by new issues of debt and finally with new issues of equity. New equity issue are a last resort when the company runs out of debt capacity. (Brealey and Myer 2008) In contrast to the static trade off theory Myers(1984) summarizes the concept of pecking order theory as follow: 1. Firms prefer internal finance. 2. They adapt their target dividend payout ratios to their investment opportunities, while trying to avoid sudden changes in dividends. 3. Sticky dividend policies, plus unpredictable fluctuations in profitability and investment opportunities mean that internally generated cash flow may be more or less than investment outlay . If it is less,the firm first draw down the cash balance or marketable securities. 4. If external finance is required, firms issue the safest security first. That is ,they start with debt,then possibly hybrid securities such as convertible bonds,then perhaps equity as a last resort. Base on the theory,there is no well-defined target debt-equity mix because there are two kinds of equity,internal and external,one at the top of pecking order and one at the bottom. Each firms observed debt ratio reflects its cumulative requirements for external finance. Brealey and Myer (2008) explain why the most profitable firms generally borrow less not because they have low target debt ratios but they dont need outside money. In the opposite way ,less profitable firms issue debt because they do not have internal sufficient fund for investment and debt financing is first resort for external financing following to the pecking order theory 2.5 The agency cost Previously Modiglini and Miller theory(1958) ignored taxation. Since then 1963 they amended the model by implication corporation tax. From that point it is suggested that the higher the level of taxation, the lower the combined cost of capital. That means if the firm use higher level of the gearing ,the higher the value of the company. The company financial strategy should choose a 99.9% gearing level However in practice most of the firm can not go for high levels of gearing because according to Modiglini and Miller theory is still far from perfect. They distort the problems which can occur from raising high level of gearing such as bankruptcy risk. There is the possibility of bankruptcy as gearing increase result in increase the WACC and the value of the share price reduce. Agency cost is also the main problem does not exist in Modiglini and Miller theory. Jensen and Meckling (1976) argued that the combination of debt and equity does affect the cost such as agency cost, bankruptcy cost and so on. The benefit of tax saving of raising debt produces an optimal capital structure less than a 100% because the benefit form tax is traded off offset the likelihood of incurring the costs. Jensen and Meckling(1976) define an agency relationship as a contract under which one or more persons (the principal) engage another person (the agent) to perform some service on their behalf which involve delegation some decision making authority to the agent. If both parties to the relationship are utility maximizes, there is good reason to believe that the agent will not always act in the best interest of the principal. In addition, they identify and examine the concept of agency costs by generating the existence of debt and outside equity. They found that bondholders agency cost move in reverse direction. It is falling when the level of debt increase. Thus,it follows that at some point the minimum cost of agency will exist by combined the firms debt and equity securities. 3. Research objective The main objective for the corporate finance to study capital structure is to review the literature of capital structure in different theories according to their effect on company value and test the implication of theories that seek to justify an optimal capital structure Since 1958 Modigliani and Miller model stated that the value of the company is irrespective to the capital structure. Based on that model MM make assumption for the perfect market so they ignore the tax issue , losses from bankruptcy cost , the agency cost and so on. As a result there are several literatures have been expanded from Modigliani and Miller model. Thus, this study paper is seeking for investigation and gives the explanation for the existence of optimal capital structure and the financial performance. The aim of this research is to answer the question whether the relationship between the capital structure and the value of the firm. 4.Research Methodology In order to answer the question of the project . It is necessary to set up the hypotheses then answer them. The hypotheses to be tested for this project are as follow: HO : There is no a significant relationship between capital structure and their total market value in the Stock Exchange Thailand (SET) H1 : There is a significant relationship between capital structure and their total market value in the Stock Exchange Thailand (SET) Sampling Method Additionally, this study also gain the data from sampling method. It is very practical and to prove that the project is reliable by identify the group of data which is the listed firms of energy and utilities sector in the stock exchange Thailand (SET). The project represents 25 listed companies ,the total amount of the share is 287,181,000 and the market value is 8,551,158,000 baht. It can be stated that the market value of the share for group representative is significantly more than half of the whole total market value(19,130,000,000baht). Therefore they can be good sample of the project. Explanatory Variables It is important to justify the variables that do affect the company value In this study there are as follow: 1.Earning per share (EPS) Earning per share is widely used to measure company success therefore it is the basic tool to indicate the company performance. Earning per share = profit after interest, after tax and after preference dividends/number of ordinary share in issue 2. Gearing Gearing is used to measure of risks. High gearing mean high risk . Gearing = Total Debt/shareholder equity 3. Dividend per share (DPS) The dividend per share is calculated to show the shareholder how much of the overall dividend payout they are entitle to Dividend per share = total ordinary dividend/total number/total number of share issued 4.Return on equity (ROE) Return on equity measures how much profit a company generates for its ordinary shareholders with the money they have invested in the company. ROE = Profit after tax and preference dividends/Ordinary share capital plus reserveÃâ€"100% 5.Data collection Methods Research design mainly focuses on data collection and sources. Therefore to research for this project will use the quantitative analysis by use the secondary data that has already been researched because of limited resources. The second data can collect from the journal of finance Economics, Journal of Banking and Finance, textbook from library, the stock market data, the financial annual report and so on. Most of the source of data such as financial statement , dividend payout ,the data from stock market to use calculate the variables is mainly available from website http://www.setsmart.com. It is the source of data open public for the investor who interested to buy the share in stock exchange Thailand (SET). However to acquire the information must have the username and password. 6. Project Planning Process Aug09 Sep09 Oct09 Nov09 Dec09 Jan10 Revised literature review * Data analysis procedures customization * * * Development of the detailed methodology * * * Secondary data collecting * * * Secondary data analysis and interpretation * * Preparing questionnaire for interviews * * Carrying out interviews * Transcribing interviews * Chapters writing and coordinating with supervisor * * * Summarized analysis of findings * * Draft Conclusions * Draft Recommendations * Final conclusions, recommendations * Project Final submission * 7. Bibliography and References Brealey,R.A.and Myers,S.C.and Allen,F.(2008) ‘Principle of Corporate Finance.9th edition.Boston:Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin Graham,J. and Harvey, C. The theory and practice of corporate finance : evidence from the field.Journal of Financial Economics 60 (May/June2001),pp.187-244. Groth, J. and Anderson, R.(1997), capital Structure: Perspectives for Managers,Management Decision Jensen,M.C.and Meckling,W.H.(1976) Theory of the firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 3, No. 4,(July 1, 1976).Available at SSRN:http://ssrn.com/abstract=94043 10.2139/ssrn.94043.(accessed:24/08/09) Modigliani, F.; Miller, M. (1958). ‘The Cost of Capital, Corporation Finance and the Theory of Investment. American Economic Review 48 (3): 261-297. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1809766.(accessed:21/08/09) Modigliani, F.; Miller, M. (1963). ‘Corporate income taxes and the cost of capital: a correction. American Economic Review 53 (3): 433-443. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1809167. (accessed:22/08/09) Myers, S.C., 1984, The Capital Structure Puzzle, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 39, No. 3, Papers and Proceedings, Forty-Second Annual Meeting, American Finance Association, July, pp. 575-592 Myers,S.C.(1984)The capital Structure Puzzle. The journal of finance,Vol.39,No.3,(July 1984),pp575-592. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2327916.(accessed:23/08/09) Oscar,B.U shaped cost of equity function? Digging into Modigliani-Miller(1958)Mistake'(September2006). Available at SSRN:http://ssrn.com/abstract=934550(accessed:21/08/09) Titman,S.(1984).The effect of capital structure on a firms liquidation decision.The Journal of finance Economics 13 (March 1984),pp.137-151. Titman,S.and Wessels,R.(1988) ‘The Determinants of capital structure choice.The Journal of finance Economics43 (March 1988),pp1-19. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2328319?seq=6.(accessed:23/08/09) Wald,J.K.,How firm characteristics after capital structure : An International comparison.Journal of Financial Resarch22 ( Summer1999),pp.161-187. Warner,J.B.(1977)Bankruptcy Costs:Some evidence. The Journal of Finance,Vol32,Issue2, (May,1977),pp337-347.

Childhood Is The Best Part Of One’s Life Narrate Your Experience

Many a time, I have longed for my childhood days. This is especially true at times when I would like to escape from the torture of examinations and homework. Furthermore, my childhood was filled with countless memorable moments that I would love to relive. Many, who have happy childhood memories, would also, I am sure, feel the same.Childhood is a period which is associated with fun and play. The child hardly cares or knows what the adult thinks of him. He frolics with his childhood playmates in the sand, mud or water. Through his mother may chide him for his pranks, she may, secretly in her heart, wish that she too could be as carefree and happy as her child.Children normally do not have any major responsibilities to shoulder. Political, economic, social and family problems do not disturb them. They may be confused because they can not comprehend the problem, but most of them will not go through heartbreaking moments over them.However, the above beautifully painted childhood phase i s not true in the case of all children. There are children who are abused and exploited and who suffer from dire poverty. In Ethiopia and other poor countries, children are afflicted with many diseases and continually suffer the pangs of hunger. They have to shoulder the responsibilities of adults, looking for food and taking care of their younger siblings.These cases, however, may be considered as exceptions. Many still feel that the average child’s life is much merrier. Adult life is filled with responsibilities. Yet, responsibilities need not be viewed negatively. There are many joys that come with responsibilities. For example, I always experience great joy and satisfaction when I do well in my exam after studying hard for it.Therefore, in my view, childhood can be looked back upon as one of the best periods in one’s life. With a positive attitude, a person can experience happiness in any period of his life.

Samples Essay on Helping Your Community Can Be Fun for Everyone

Samples Essay on Helping Your Community Can Be Fun for Everyone Details of Samples Essay on Helping Your Community As one reads, one gets to feel that there's a gap between the distinct social classes locally. Probably, you want to persuade your audience to volunteer locally. The mentor helps beginners to begin. Before you start writing, reflect upon what it has meant to participate in community support. Reiterate how you changed as a consequence of your community support, why you found the work important, or the way it helped others. Although these few ideas may appear small they are helping a great deal of men and women in my community speedily. This may somewhat dampen the full idea of community service or may make a divide in the whole reason for the activity. This may give a negative connotation to the full idea of community support. The relation between educational institutions and other institutions widens the range of knowledge. It's the details that actually make this little experience come alive. In case the very same student engages in something which is a ground for misconduct and gets punished with hours of community assistance, then her or his view of the full activity may shift. As an example, Schwach Bharat initiative also referred to as clean India programme, attracted many students throughout the nation. At times it's helpful to observe how others were able t o get over the difficult first-line hump. In summary, there are various methods to alter the world for the better. The character of this relationship perhaps depends entirely on the essence of the engagement. Despite how it's an altruistic activity undertaken through an individual or group of people for no financial or social award, it takes a lot. Lots of people work unpaid in order to obtain experience in rather competitive fields like television, but some people can not describe them as volunteers. As a way to help the needy, it isn't essential to be rich or to devote a great deal of time. Why don't you spend a while helping others, because in the long run, what goes around comes around. Here's What I Know About Samples Essay on Helping Your Community Explain why you chose a particular cause and that which you did in your position for a volunteer. It is hard to narrow down the many instances where I've showed great leadership but a lot of them can be discovered in my inv olvements in teamwork. Before you enroll, read our guide on a number of the hazards of worldwide volunteer trips and the way to understand if it's the proper option for you. In general, the opportunity granted me an opportunity to broaden my horizons. The Birth of Samples Essay on Helping Your Community Even three language formula doesn't assist in this respect. It's very valuable to take writing apart to be able to see just the way that it accomplishes its objectives. The very first sentence is a rather general, bland statement. Concentrate on the objective of speaking and produce a valid thesis statement. Money is seen to be utilized to acquire specific favors. The huge pothole on Elm Street that my mother was able to hit each day on the best way to school would be filled-in. Family is the very first school of the kid. Status of a parent or family background of parents effect the maturation of a kid what's status of a kid in their house. So it is extremely important for a young child. Consider how you and others see your kid. The cost of an essay depends upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. Stephen's essay is quite effective. Ultimately, you can participate in a quiz to check if you're well-versed in public speaking. The author starts with a rather comprehensive story of an event or description of an individual or place. Bridget's essay is extremely strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. This has been shown to be an extremely powerful and quick method to aid with a writing assignment and find the business done properly. In the poem, there's the should stop all this and begin a fresh. In the end, the detail of real speech makes the scene pop. Then it is possible to supply the consequences of the given situation. Indeed, an array of people must work together with their study, which makes it hard for them to continue their education. Everyone somehow impacts the world around us. Without social workers our world won't be the exact same. There are a total of nine schools in the region and the population is quite diverse. Residents that are related or acquainted. Volunteering at the church enables me to fulfill the requirements of people who may have no other place to go. Nurses in rural communities must also learn how to supply the greatest possible care with hardly any resources. You must be patient and encourage them that there's a way and God can make it take place. Both are important to the total life practice. I was provided a remarkable quantity of freedom at a youthful age. Put simply, you say, as an example, Today many folks living on incomes under the poverty line have significant needs that should be addressed.

Ringling College SAT Scores, Financial Aid More